Items20The creator’s order
  1. 1Ronald ReaganRonald ReaganBorn 6 Feb 1911Reagan signed the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty with Mikhail Gorbachev, committing both countries to eliminate a whole class of land-based missiles. The achievement was measurable destruction backed by inspection, rather than another ceiling on future growth. Its collapse in 2019 is…0i
  2. 2Mikhail GorbachevMikhail GorbachevBorn 2 Mar 1931Gorbachev's agreement with Reagan on intermediate-range missiles in 1987, followed by START I with George H. W. Bush in 1991, made negotiated reductions part of Soviet policy. Read the two together: one abolished specified missile types, while the other limited strategic offensive forces. Neither…0i
  3. 3Alfonso García RoblesAlfonso García RoblesBorn 20 Mar 1911García Robles helped turn the shock of the Cuban Missile Crisis into a regional response: the 1967 Treaty of Tlatelolco, establishing a nuclear-weapon-free zone in Latin America and the Caribbean. The Mexican diplomat's contribution makes this more than a superpower story. A regional prohibition…0i
  4. 4John F. KennedyJohn F. KennedyBorn 29 May 1917Kennedy backed the 1963 Limited Test Ban Treaty after the Cuban Missile Crisis made the dangers of confrontation unmistakable. It prohibited tests in the atmosphere, outer space and underwater, then entered into force after ratification. The revealing compromise is in the word 'limited':…0i
  5. 5Nikita KhrushchevNikita KhrushchevKhrushchev's acceptance of a partial test ban helped unlock an agreement that years of wider negotiations had failed to produce. By leaving underground testing outside the 1963 treaty, the Soviet, American and British governments sidestepped their inspection dispute. His place here rests on that…0i
  6. 6Richard NixonRichard NixonBorn 9 Jan 1913Nixon signed the SALT I agreements with Leonid Brezhnev in 1972, pairing restrictions on anti-ballistic missile defences with an interim agreement on strategic offensive arms. This is a useful case of rivals accepting reciprocal limits while retaining formidable forces. The accords constrained…0i
  7. 7Leonid BrezhnevLeonid BrezhnevBorn 19 Dec 1906Brezhnev's participation in SALT I made strategic restraint a negotiated Soviet commitment alongside the American one. His subsequent SALT II agreement with Jimmy Carter in 1979 is worth comparing with it: a signature did not secure US ratification. The contrast keeps the focus on political…0i
  8. 8George H. W. BushGeorge H. W. BushBorn 12 Jun 1924Bush brought START I to signature with Gorbachev in July 1991 after years of negotiation. Its detailed verification arrangements included inspections, data exchanges and access to missile telemetry, giving the numerical limits practical meaning. The Soviet Union's dissolution complicated the next…0i
  9. 9George ShultzGeorge ShultzBorn 13 Dec 1920As US Secretary of State, Shultz worked with Eduard Shevardnadze to turn summit-level intentions into the INF agreement's negotiable details. Their September 1987 talks produced agreement in principle before Reagan and Gorbachev signed in December. He is a good counterweight to leader-centred…0i
  10. 10Eduard ShevardnadzeEduard ShevardnadzeBorn 25 Jan 1928Shevardnadze was the Soviet foreign minister doing the counterpart work with Shultz as the 1987 INF settlement took shape. Their negotiations connected Gorbachev's political opening with the practical terms needed for a summit agreement. Including him makes the division of labour visible: leaders…0i