Joe Biden

As a senator Biden wrote the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 with Republican support, and as vice-president he negotiated end-of-year deals with Mitch McConnell, including the 2012 'fiscal cliff' agreement. As president he relied on cross-party coalitions for the 2021 infrastructure law, the CHIPS and Science Act and the 2022 gun safety law. Critics on the left point out that the 1994 crime bill he managed contributed to mass incarceration; critics on the right that his larger spending passed on party lines.