Li Ka-shing

Pyramids and restructuring. Li, who began making plastic flowers in Hong Kong, built control of a vast group through layered holdings: Cheung Kong controlled Hutchison Whampoa, which controlled ports, telecoms and retail around the world. In 2015 he reorganised the group into two companies, CK Hutchison and CK Asset, and moved their legal base to the Cayman Islands. His son Victor took over the chairmanships when he retired in 2018.