Joseph Rowntree (philanthropist)

The York cocoa maker Joseph Rowntree began New Earswick, a garden village for working families, in 1902 and two years later set up trusts that still exist: the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, a social research charity, and the housing trust that runs the village. Unlike many philanthropists of his day, he warned against charity that treated symptoms, and the foundation's research on poverty remains influential.