1990 Mongolian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in the Mongolian People's Republic in July 1990. Primaries for local constituencies for the 430 seats of the People's Grand Khural was held on 22 July 1990, with a main round of voting on candidates for the Grand Khural and party vote for indirectly electing the State Little Khural on 29 July. Election turnout was at 97.89% on 29 July. Elections for several disputed constituencies were held on 26 August. Held in the aftermath of the peaceful 1990 revolution, they were the first democratic elections in Mongolia's history. Multiple international observers stated the election was overly free and fair despite isolated problems. The former sole legal party, the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), won a supermajority of 357 seats in the upper house, and 31 of the 50 seats in the lower house. Opposition parties won around 8% and 40% of the seats in both chambers, with the Mongolian Democratic Party (MDP), Mongolia's first opposition party, as the largest. A national unity government was formed between the MPRP, the MDP, and the Mongolian National Progress Party in September 1990. The twelfth People's Great Khural convened on September 3 and subsequently elected the President, the Vice President, the Prime Minister, the Speaker, and lower house deputies. The Grand Khural elected fifty deputies to the Little Khural, the standing legislature, via proportional representation of the party vote during its plenary session. The first State Little Khural convened later on September 13 with 53 members (including the speaker, deputy chairperson, and secretary general).

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